JUGAR AL VOLEIBOL ES TODO UN ARTE
Como deporte de equipo se requiere de estrategia, habilidad, rutina y buen dominio del balón para el voleibol hace ganadores a los que lo practican.
Se requiere de 6 jugadores por lado, las posiciones de los jugadores en la cancha están asignadas con números y rotaciones que son particulares, cada entrenador tiene en su sapiencia para emplear su mejor técnica.
El objetivo es anotar puntos tratando de colocar el balón haciendo tres pases como mínimo en tu propia cancha y dirigiéndola hacia la cancha del oponente, todo empieza con el saque del balón. (Historia del voleibol)
PUESTOS EN EL VOLEIBOL
SAQUE DEL BALÓN
El saque o servicio en el voleibol es el elemento más importante cuando se inicia la acción de juego, este se define como la puesta en juego de la pelota por el zaguero derecho (posición 1) que golpea esta con la mano (abierta o cerrada) o cualquier parte del brazo para enviarlas sobre la red al campo contrario.
Se tiene hasta 8 segundos para realizar el saque, desde que el árbitro pita y le autoriza para sacar, si este se realiza pasado los 8 segundos se considerará una falta y el saque será invalidado.
El balón debe ser golpeado después de haber sido lanzado, es decir, que el balón no debe ser sostenido por el jugador ya después de soltarlo de sus manos, puesto que es una falta y el saque ya no será validado.
Al momento de golpear el balón la jugadora no puede pisar la línea por ninguna circunstancia, ya que esto es una falta y no será válido el saque.
Como también un saque puede ser efectuado saltando corriendo, si se realiza uno como este en suspensión (saltando) al momento de saltar debe hacerlo sobre la línea y no pisarla, puesto que como se había mencionado antes es una falta pisar la línea.
El jugador que está realizando el saque continúa en ese puesto hasta que su equipo pierda el punto, después de eso cuando ya se vuelve a recuperar el punto la jugadora que estaba en posición 2 rota a la posición 1 para efectuar el saque, y ese es el momento donde el juez anuncia “cambio de saque”.
La jugadora que está destinada a sacar siempre debe hacerlo cuando llegue a la posición 1, solo en dicha posición se pone en pie el saque.
POSICIÓN PUNTA
Su posición es 4 en la rotación de adelante y 6 en la rotación de atrás, se puede decir que es el ataque más fácil con el que puede salir la armadora cuando no le viene un balón exacto a sus manos.
Recibe, defiende y ataca adelante y atrás. También puede atacar de zaguero 6 y cuando está adelante sube al bloque junto a la central cuando los ataques del equipo contrario salen por 2 o 3.
POSICIÓN OPUESTA
En posición 2 la rotación de adelante y 1 en la rotación de atrás, mayormente son zurdas, deben tener buena habilidad y rapidez para la defensa ya que gran parte de los ataques del equipo contrario van dirigidos hacia 1, donde puede estar la opuesta o a veces la armadora.
Siempre está atrás o adelante de la armadora por lo que son opuestas, también puede atacar de zaguero 1 y sube al bloque cuando está adelante junto a la central cuando el ataque del equipo contrario sale por 3 o 4.
POSICIÓN CENTRAL
En posición 3 en la rotación de adelante y 5 en la rotación de atrás, cambiando por la libero solamente atrás cuando pierde su saque.
En categorías inferiores la central se puede quedar defendiendo atrás por tener buen recibo y defensa, eso siendo ya decisión del entrenador.
Esta posición se basa en que siempre está en el bloque cuando está adelante, baja y sube al bloque hasta que termine la jugada y el balón caiga al piso.
No ataca muy seguido, ya que es siempre y cuando le llega un balón perfecto a la armadora, pero si este no le llega exacto a sus manos, es decir, muy corto o pasado tendrá que armar a la punta y no podrá hacer jugadas con la central como la V corta o larga, las cortitas o las cojas.
Se puede decir que la central es una de las jugadoras más altas del equipo, un promedio de 1.80m.
POSICIÓN ARMADORA
Esta jugadora es el cerebro del equipo ya que es la que arma todas las jugadas del equipo, siempre es el segundo balón, a no ser que ella defienda el ataqué del equipo contrario y tenga que armar la libero.
Posición 2 en la rotación de adelante y 1 en rotación de atrás, ella decide si armar a la punta que está en 4, armar a la centro en 3, o quizás a su opuesta en 2 o 1 (siendo la rotación que este adelante o atrás) o también puede armar a su zaguero 6, la cual es la otra punta que se encuentra atrás.
Cuando el otro equipo va a sacar y la armadora se encuentra atrás siempre penetra a las demás jugadores por qué cuando viene al saque debe salir a armar, pero OJO ella no puede salir a armar a la zona de adelante cuando el saque todavía no se realiza, es decir, cuando el balón recién está siendo levantado, por qué si lo hace se considera una falta y punto al equipo contrario, ella debe salir a armar en el momento exacto donde el balón pega la mano de la que está sacando.
POSICIÓN LIBERO EN EL VOLEIBOL
Ella es la que defiende todo, por así decirlo, tiene que tener un buen recibo de saques del oponente, defensa de ataques y sobre todo buena rapidez para movilizarse en el campo de forma que llegue a cualquier balón antes que choque al piso.
Mayormente son de baja estatura, un promedio de 1.60m-1.70m, ya que las demás jugadoras punta, central, armadora y opuesta casi siempre tienen una talla de 1.70m para arriba.
La posición que toma la libero es siempre en la rotación de atrás, aunque si tiene que llegar a salvar balones en la zona de adelante no hay ningún problema.
Normalmente cambia por la central y va a 5, pero hay casos donde el entrenador puede decidir si quiere que vaya a 6 o a 1, y la punta u opuesta pasa a 5.
Siempre usa un polo de otro color con respecto a las demás jugadoras, pero teniendo el mismo modelo, la libero no puede sacar ni atacar, solo defiende y recibe.
Cuando llega a la rotación de arriba tiene que salir otra vez por la central para que está entre en la rotación de arriba y cuando la otra central baje a sacar y pierda su saque obteniendo el punto el equipo contrario, debe volver a entrar y así sucesivamente.
SISTEMAS Y ROTACIONES EN EL VOLEIBOL
Para empezar, en el voleibol se rota contrarreloj, al revés de cómo lo haría un reloj. El sistema K1 o estándar, el cual es cuando tu equipo o el otro saca y todas las jugadoras se encuentran en la posición donde les ha tocado rotar, por ejemplo: una punta está en 2 (por qué estaba en 3, pasa 2, pasa 1, etc.) si ella está en 2 y en el caso que el equipo contrario saque, ella no puede moverse aún, debe esperar a que su equipo reciba el saque, se arme una jugada y pasen el balón, en ese momento recién puede cambiar a su posición habitual adelante, la cual es 4 y si estuviera atrás, sería 6.
Cuando ocurre este cambio de posiciones, se pasa al sistema K2 en donde todas las jugadoras se cambian a su posición normal, la punta que estaba en 2 se va a 4, la central que estaba en 4 se va a 3 la armadora que está en 3 se va a 2 y la opuesta que en este caso está atrás en 6 (ya que al ser opuesta de la armadora debe estar atrás de ella o a la diagonal) se va a 1.
Y en el caso de la libero, ella estaba en 1 recibiendo el saque del otro equipo y cuando pase el balón de su equipo, ahí recién debe irse a 5 (su posición), ella no se puede cambiar de posición cuando el equipo contrario está sacando, se considera una falta.
En el caso que tu equipo saque, ahí todavía estás en K1, y tampoco puedes moverte a tu posición habitual antes que este realice el saque, ya que se le considerará una falta.
Por último, toda jugadora cuando se encuentra en el sistema K1 tiene su opuesta que siempre debe estar a la diagonal de ella o atrás, siendo las puntas opuestas entre ellas, las centrales (que su opuesta es la libero también) y la armadora con la opuesta.
Si no están bien a la diagonal o atrás de ella se considera una falta de rotación y se le otorga un punto al equipo contrario.
Agradezco a Valeria Moya, gran deportista y profesional en Voleibol, sin su ayuda técnica no hubiese podido elaborar este artículo.
RECIENTES
Great content! Super high-quality! Keep it up! 🙂
Muy interesante y práctico entendible
excelente
HOLA
ME GUSTO MUCHO LA INFORMACION E ILUSTRACION DEL CONTENIDO ES MUY FLUIDO Y ENTENDIBLE. OJALA PONGAN JUGADAS. Y EJEMPLOS ESPECIFICOS DE EJERCICIOS PARA ENSEÑAR LOS FUNDAMENTOS BASICOS DEL VOLEIBOL… GRACIAS
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